Ghost Orchid

Ghost Orchid (Epipogium aphyllum/Dendrophylax lindenii)

Not only rare but fascinating, the Ghost Orchid is a plant that was presumed to be extinct for almost 20 years and only recently materialized again. The plant is so rare because it is near-impossible to propagate. It has no leaves and does not use photosynthesis to manufacture its own food.  It, like the Lady Slipper mentioned below, needs a specific fungus in close contact with its root system to feed it.  The Ghost Orchid can live underground for years and is only found in forests in Cuba, and another variety, in Florida.  The flowers emit fragrant odors and bloom between the months of June and August.  In Cuba they grow on cypress trees in which they appear to float like ghosts, thus the name.  They can only be pollinated here by the giant sphinx moth and if their seeds land on a specific moss.  For being so selective as to their growing conditions, the Ghost Orchid drifts in at number 4.

Kadupul Flower (Epiphyllum oxypetalum)

Kadupul Flower (Epiphyllum oxypetalum)

This flower is easily cultivated, but is rare for the sole reason that it blooms so rarely.  They are found in Sri Lanka in the wild and have spiritual significance to Buddhists.  When they do bloom, they bloom only at night and then mysteriously wither before dawn.  According to Buddhists, it is believed that when the flower blooms, the Nagas (semi-mythical Sri Lankan tribes) descend from their heavenly abodes to present the flower as a gift to Buddha.  The flowers are oddly scented and produce delicate, white flowers.  The flower also has a rich history in Japan where its name can be translated as “Beauty under the Moon.”  For a flower so shy about blooming and so highly thought of, they take notice on the list at number

Koki’o (Kokai cookei)

Koki’o (Kokai cookei)

Another rare flower comes from a tree in Hawaii.  Discovered in 1860, the Koki’o tree has proven difficult to propagate and, in 1950, was deemed extinct.  However, 20 years later a sole survivor was found, but was destroyed in a fire in 1978.  As luck would have it, one of the branches was saved and grafted into 23 different trees in various places in Hawaii.  The tree grows to 10-11 meters high and has hundreds of bright, red flowers that mature trees produce annually.  As a flower so willing to adapt, the Koki’o flower comes in at number .

Chocolate Cosmos (Cosmos atrosanguineus)

Chocolate Cosmos (Cosmos atrosanguineus)

You may have seen Chocolate orchids, but have you ever seen or gotten a whiff of Chocolate Cosmos?  It is a flower native to Mexico that has been extinct in the wild for over 100 years.  Still, the species survives as a single, non-fertile clone created in 1902 by propagation.  The flowers are a rich deep-brown color and grow to about 3-4 cm in diameter.  As the name suggests, Chocolate Cosmos emit a delicious vanillin fragrance in the summer (also found in vanilla beans, some coffee beans and some cocoa beans).  For being so rare and almost sweet enough to eat, the Chocolate Cosmos comes in at number 

Parrot’s Beak (Lotus berthelotii)

Parrot’s Beak (Lotus berthelotii)

Classified as exceedingly rare since 1884, the Parrot’s Beak flower is believed to be extinct in the wild, though some individuals believe it may still be alive.  The plant is native to the Canary Islands and is believed to have been originally pollinated by sunbirds which have long gone extinct.  Experiments have been done to see if the flowers could have found new pollinators but, as of 2008, none of these experiments have been successful.  For all the efforts made to take this one back home, the Parrot’s Beak flower makes number 8 on our list of the rarest flowers.

The Jade Vine (Strongylodon macrobotrys)

The Jade Vine (Strongylodon macrobotrys)

The Jade Vine, known for its spectacular blue-green, claw-shaped flowers, produces a hanging inflorescence of color seldom seen in any other flower.  The flower is pollinated by bats which will hang upside down to drink the nectar.  These rare flowers are now hardly seen in the wild and are believed to be threatened by the deforestation of their natural habitat in the Philippines.  For its beauty to botanists and bats alike, the Jade Vine comes in at number.

Campion (Silene tomentosa)

Campion (Silene tomentosa)

Only found in Gibraltar, the Campion was once thought to be extinct by the scientific community in 1992, when all traces of the plant vanished.  Then in 1994, a single specimen was discovered by a climber hiking on the high cliffs of Gibraltar.  It was propagated at the Millennium Seed Bank and specimens are now grown at the Almeda Gibraltar Botanic Gardens, as well as at the Royal Botanic Gardens in London.  For hanging in there on the solitary cliffs of Gibraltar waiting to be found, the Campion flower comes in at number.